Compare the consequences for space, weight, connections and design.
Start with the design question
The available height, span and load help determine which solutions are suitable. The desired appearance and construction method also play a role.
Compare the complete system
A comparison based on the price of a bar alone is incomplete. Include connections, columns, protection, finishing and assembly. For example, a lighter solution may have consequences for the existing structure.
Have alternatives calculated
When multiple material options make sense, the structural engineer can visualize the consequences. Record the same principles for each variant to make a fair comparison.
Compare complete solutions
A material comparison is only useful when both solutions fulfill the same function. Look at available construction height, span, support, connections and the desired finish. A compact steel profile may require different protection or connection details than a wooden solution. A light wooden construction can be attractive for a structure, but that choice also requires an assessment of the carrying route. The price per meter of material alone therefore tells little about the total solution.
Include purchasing and implementation in your consideration
Control how components enter the building, how they are connected and which ones sizing is needed for fabrication. Existing walls that are out of plumb or uncertain supports may require an additional survey. Agree who checks that supplier information is consistent with the design. Compare quotations for the same scope: materials, connections, protection, delivery and installation. Order an alternative only after the responsible designer has confirmed the changes required.
A complete choice of materials
| Subject | Steel | Timber |
|---|---|---|
| Product details | Profile, quality and protection | Product, class and moisture conditions |
| Connections | Plates, welds, bolts and anchors | Connectors, mountings and contact surfaces |
| Elaboration | Stability, deformation and connection | Stability, deformation and connection |
| Order | Reconciled production data | Coordinated sizes and product data |
Your preparation in four steps
- Clearance height and available space
- Weight and existing carrying capacity
- Connections and mounting
- Finish and protection
Frequently asked questions on this topic
Can I choose a steel beam based on the span alone?
No. Loads, support, lateral support, deformation and connections are also relevant. Two openings of the same width may therefore require different solutions. Do not use a general beam table as an ordering specification for an unknown existing structure.
Is another steel profile with the same height interchangeable?
Not automatically. Profile shape, dimensions, steel type and connections influence the behavior. Have a proposed alternative assessed before ordering. Also ask whether connection details, plates and required protection need to be adjusted.
View the associated structural calculation, create your preparation list or take the guides and checklists along to the consultation.