Construction language, clearly explained.
Find the meaning of constructive and architectural terms. From anchor and support to revision drawing and reinforcement.
Acoustic decoupling
Detail that limits vibration or noise transmission between parts. The design must match the complete partition construction.
More on this topic →Additional work
Work that falls outside the originally agreed assignment. Have consequences for price, planning and documents recorded in advance.
More on this topic →Adjacent property
Adjacent building or plot to a construction site. Its condition and foundation may be relevant to the construction plan.
More on this topic →Aerated concrete
Light stone-like material with a porous structure. The product quality and application determine whether it has a wall or insulating function, for example.
More on this topic →Airborne noise
Sound that first spreads through the air, such as speaking or music. The separating construction influences the transfer to other spaces.
More on this topic →Airtightness
Measures to limit unwanted air flows through seams and connections. Coherence with ventilation and moisture is important.
More on this topic →Anchor
Connecting agent with which a construction part is attached to, for example, concrete or masonry.
More on this topic →Anchor bolt
Bolt with which a construction part is attached to, for example, a concrete structure. Edge distances and anchorage are important design details.
More on this topic →Anchorage length
Length required to transfer forces via the anchorage of, for example, reinforcement.
More on this topic →Anhydrite floor
Screed based on a calcium sulphate binder. Moisture conditions and the desired final finish must suit the product.
More on this topic →Architectural drawing
Drawing of the layout, dimensions, facades, cross-sections and structure of a building.
More on this topic →Archive drawing
An existing drawing from a construction file. Check whether this corresponds to the current situation.
More on this topic →Area load
Load distributed over an area. Floor loads are often included in a calculation model in this way.
More on this topic →As built
Recording the realized situation. The content must correspond to what was actually performed and checked.
More on this topic →Asbestos survey
Investigation into the presence of asbestos-containing materials within the indicated scope of investigation. A report has a defined scope.
More on this topic →Axial force
Force in the longitudinal direction of a structural part. Depending on the direction, this causes tension or pressure.
More on this topic →Balanced ventilation
Ventilation system with mechanical supply and exhaust. The design tailors the air flows to the building and use.
More on this topic →Ballast
Added weight that, for example, stabilizes a mounting system on a roof.
More on this topic →Ballast plan
Overview of the ballast of an installation, for example solar panels on a flat roof. Weights and positions are input for the constructive assessment.
More on this topic →Base plate
Plate under a column that transfers the forces to the underlying structure, often in combination with anchors.
More on this topic →Basement shell
Underground construction of floor and walls that can absorb ground and water pressure, among other things.
More on this topic →Bbl
Buildings and Living Environment Decree: national rules on, among other things, the quality of buildings. The rules that apply depend on the activity and situation.
More on this topic →Beam
A structural member that transfers loads over a distance to supports.
More on this topic →Beam head
The end of a beam, often at the location of the support in a wall.
More on this topic →Beam-and-block floor
Floor system composed of various parts, such as beams, filling elements and concrete. The supplier details are essential.
More on this topic →Bearing support
The location and manner in which a structural part is supported on another part.
More on this topic →Bed joint
Typically horizontal joint between layers of masonry. The implementation affects, among other things, dressing and moisture management.
More on this topic →Bending moment
Internal force that causes a structural part to bend.
More on this topic →BIM
A method in which building information is brought together in digital models. The level of detail and agreements determine what the model contains.
More on this topic →BIM model
Digital model in which geometry and other building data are brought together. Usability depends on agreements about content and topicality.
More on this topic →Biobased material
Material that is wholly or partly derived from renewable biological raw materials. Specific performance must be assessed per product.
More on this topic →Bitumen
Material that is used, among other things, in roofing. The complete roof structure determines the suitability and processing.
More on this topic →Bolted connection
Connection with bolts, nuts and associated parts. The required quality, geometry and mounting method are stated in the elaboration.
More on this topic →Bored pile
Pile made by a drilling process, often with concrete applied on site. The implementation method is part of the design.
More on this topic →Brace
Slanted or otherwise placed part that contributes to stability or support. The connections must also be able to transfer the forces.
More on this topic →Brick
Baked ceramic building product that is used, among other things, in masonry. Product properties and masonry bond are relevant to the application.
More on this topic →Buckling
A form of instability in which a slender part under pressure deflects sideways.
More on this topic →Calcium silicate masonry
A stone-like building material that is used, among other things, for load-bearing and non-load-bearing interior walls.
More on this topic →Calculation model
A simplified representation of the construction with which the relevant force action is examined.
More on this topic →Cantilever
Part of a structure that extends beyond its support. The force action is different from a part that is supported at both ends.
More on this topic →Capillary moisture
Moisture that can move through small pores in a material. Material build-up and connections influence this process.
More on this topic →Cast-in item
Part that is placed in concrete before pouring, for example an anchor or recess provision.
More on this topic →Cavity
Space between two layers of a wall or facade construction.
More on this topic →Centre-to-centre spacing
Distance between the centerlines of two parts.
More on this topic →Chemical anchor
Fastening system in which an anchor is anchored in a borehole with a suitable material. The suitable product and installation will follow from the assessment.
More on this topic →Chipboard
Panel material made of pressed wood particles with a binding agent. Not every type is suitable for humid conditions or constructive applications.
More on this topic →Clash detection
Check for conflicts between components in digital models. The results require assessment and coordination between disciplines.
More on this topic →Clear opening size
Clearance within an opening. This may deviate from the outside dimensions of the frame or the rough construction opening.
More on this topic →CLT
Cross laminated timber: solid wood panels with cross-glued layers. Connections, structure and application conditions are part of the design.
More on this topic →Coating
Protective or finishing layer on a material. Substrate, layer structure, processing and maintenance determine the operation.
More on this topic →Column
A usually vertical construction part that transfers loads to underlying building parts.
More on this topic →Compaction
The closer packing of granules in a base or granulate layer. The required compaction depends on the function of that layer.
More on this topic →Composite precast slab floor
Floor system with prefabricated concrete slabs and a concrete layer applied on site. Temporary support follows from the elaboration.
More on this topic →Compressive strength
Resistance of a material to collapse under pressure. The useful design value also depends on the applicable principles.
More on this topic →Concrete cover
Distance between the outside of concrete and the reinforcement contained therein.
More on this topic →Concrete grade
Specification of the required properties of concrete. More information is required for ordering than just a strength indication.
More on this topic →Condensation
Conversion of water vapor to liquid water. It can occur on a cold surface or within a building structure.
More on this topic →Cone penetration test (CPT)
Soil research in which resistance in the ground is measured to obtain information about the subsurface.
More on this topic →Cone resistance
The measured resistance when pressing the tip of a probing cone. The measurement data are interpreted by an expert in conjunction with other soil data.
More on this topic →Connection
The connection through which forces are transferred between structural parts.
More on this topic →Consistency class
Indication of the deformability or workability of fresh concrete. The required class is related to design and application.
More on this topic →Construction joint in concrete
Transition between concrete applied at different times. Location and treatment must match the design.
More on this topic →Construction meeting
Consultation about progress, information, decisions and open points during a project. Documentation helps to keep responsibilities clear.
More on this topic →Construction planning
Overview of activities, sequence, dependencies and time. Actual lead times require coordination with the parties involved.
More on this topic →Construction preparation
Preparing purchasing, planning, documents, production and implementation. It connects the design with the work on the construction site.
More on this topic →Consumer unit
Assembly of electrical distribution and protection components. Adjustments must suit the installation and applicable requirements.
More on this topic →Corrosion
Deterioration of a metal due to reactions with the environment. Moisture, exposure and material combinations influence the required protection.
More on this topic →Crawl space
Low space under the ground floor. Accessibility, moisture and existing construction parts play a role in inspection and renovation.
More on this topic →Creep
Time-dependent deformation of a material under sustained load. This may be relevant for concrete and wood, among other things.
More on this topic →Cross section
Drawing as if the building has been cut vertically, so that heights and structure become visible.
More on this topic →Curing
Measures after applying concrete to ensure that hardening takes place under suitable conditions. Execution influences quality.
More on this topic →Deflection
Deformation of a structural part under load. Even if a part is strong enough, deformation can be decisive.
More on this topic →Demolition plan
Elaboration of the proposed demolition work and points of interest. The required components depend on the building, intervention and environment.
More on this topic →Demoulding
Removal of formwork after the conditions for that construction phase have been met. The right time does not only follow the number of days that have passed.
More on this topic →Design value
A value that is used in a calculation according to the chosen assessment method.
More on this topic →Detail drawing
Enlarged drawing of a connection or part, for example the support of a beam.
More on this topic →Detail number
Reference to a specific detail drawing or cut-out. Number and revision help to find the correct effect.
More on this topic →Detailed calculation
Calculation of a specific connection or a separate construction part.
More on this topic →Dew point
Temperature at which air becomes saturated with the same moisture content. Further cooling can cause condensation.
More on this topic →Dewatering
Temporarily lowering or controlling groundwater during work. The consequences for the environment and required permissions must be investigated in advance.
More on this topic →Diaphragm action
The ability of, for example, a floor or roof to transfer forces in its plane to other structural parts.
More on this topic →Differential settlement
Difference in settlement between parts of a building. It can have consequences for connections, floors, facades and pipes.
More on this topic →Dimensions
Recording dimensions, positions and heights. Dimensions must be consistent and correspond to the correct reference.
More on this topic →Driven pile
Foundation pile that is driven into the ground by pile driving. Pile type, length and design depend on the foundation design and the conditions at the location.
More on this topic →Dutch environmental and planning permit
Decree that permits an activity requiring a permit under certain conditions. Which activity and documents are involved depends on the plan.
More on this topic →DWG
Commonly used file format for digital drawings. Agree on what information and software compatibility are required upon delivery.
More on this topic →Eccentricity
Distance between the line of action of a force and a chosen axis or point of application.
More on this topic →Edge beam
Beam along the edge of, for example, a floor or foundation.
More on this topic →Edge protection
Protection along an open edge, for example a floor edge or roof. Fixing and suitability must be appropriate to the construction phase.
More on this topic →Elevation drawing
Drawing showing an exterior of a building straight from the front.
More on this topic →Emergency overflow
Facility that can drain water when the normal roof drain does not function sufficiently. Position and design must be coordinated with the roof design.
More on this topic →End plate
Plate at the end of a steel part that allows a connection to be made. Bolts, welds and plate thickness are designed together.
More on this topic →EPDM
Rubber-like material that is used, among other things, as roofing. The connection to edges, penetrations and surfaces is important.
More on this topic →EPS
Expanded polystyrene, a light plastic insulation material. Compressive load, moisture conditions and detailing partly determine the right choice.
More on this topic →Equipotential bonding
Electrical connection that limits potential differences between certain conductive parts. Which parts need to be connected requires professional knowledge.
More on this topic →Escape route
Route by which people can leave a building in the event of danger. Usability and protection are assessed for the building.
More on this topic →Eurocode
Part of a European series of standards for structural design. The applicable versions and national annexes must be identified for the project.
More on this topic →Excavation pit
Excavation in which a foundation, cellar or other underground construction is created. The design is related to soil, groundwater and adjacent buildings.
More on this topic →Execution-ready design
A sufficiently detailed and coordinated design for the agreed implementation. The precise content is recorded in the assignment.
More on this topic →Existing condition
The situation that exists at the time of recording or design.
More on this topic →Expansion joint
Deliberately placed joint that allows movement between building parts. The detail must match movement, waterproofing and finish.
More on this topic →Exposure class
Indication of exposure conditions used in the specification of concrete structures.
More on this topic →External window sill
Draining part under, for example, a window. It drains water from the facade and must fit in with the surrounding details.
More on this topic →Facade cladding
Exterior finish of a facade. Fastening, weight, burning behavior and moisture management are relevant properties.
More on this topic →Fall protection
Facilities to prevent falls or limit their consequences. The suitable approach depends on the workplace and activities.
More on this topic →Final design
Design phase in which the chosen solution is further recorded for the agreed next step.
More on this topic →Finger joint
Glued wood connection with interlocking teeth. Suitability depends on the product and the controlled manufacture.
More on this topic →Fire class
Classification of the behavior of a product in case of fire. This classification is slightly different from the fire resistance of an entire wall or floor.
More on this topic →Fire collar
Product that, in a suitable application, helps close a pipe passage in the event of fire. It must be part of an appropriate proven system.
More on this topic →Fire compartment
Part of a building intended to limit fire spread over a certain period of time. The layout follows from the fire safety plan.
More on this topic →Fire resistance
Performance of a building part in the event of fire for certain criteria and circumstances. The complete structure and connections are decisive.
More on this topic →Fire resistant cladding
Cladding system that protects a building part in the event of fire. Fastening, layer structure, seams and connections are part of the performance.
More on this topic →Fire resistant sealant
Sealant product for a specific fire-resistant joint or connection. Substrate, joint dimensions and application must match the product data.
More on this topic →Flange
A wide part of, for example, a steel I-profile, above and below the body.
More on this topic →Flanking sound transmission
Sound transmission via connecting building parts, in addition to the direct route through a partition wall or floor.
More on this topic →Floor joists
A series of beams that together support a floor or roof.
More on this topic →Floor plan
A horizontal section of a floor showing the layout and dimensions.
More on this topic →Formwork
Temporary or permanent form in which concrete is poured.
More on this topic →Frame
Framework in which windows, doors or other elements are placed. The connection to the building is important for performance and dimensions.
More on this topic →Galvanizing
Applying a zinc layer to steel as protection against corrosion. The system must match the environment and detail.
More on this topic →Geotechnics
Field that investigates the behavior of soil and the interaction with structures.
More on this topic →Glued laminated timber
A structural wood product consisting of slats glued together.
More on this topic →Green roof
Roof with a vegetation structure whose water holding capacity is also relevant to the load.
More on this topic →Ground beam
Beam in the foundation that distributes loads and transfers them to the support.
More on this topic →Ground level
The level of the ground on the outside of a building.
More on this topic →Grounding
Electrical connection to earth as part of the protection system. Correct implementation must be assessed by an expert.
More on this topic →Groundwater level
The level of groundwater at a given time. Seasons, precipitation and construction activities can influence this level.
More on this topic →Handover
Moment or process in which the work performed is assessed and transferred according to the agreement. Open points are recorded.
More on this topic →Handover documentation
Collection of documents about the work completed, such as final drawings, product data and maintenance information.
More on this topic →HEA profile
A series of wide flange profiles made of steel. Suitability and size follow from the constructive assessment.
More on this topic →Head joint
Usually vertical joint between two masonry blocks. Some openings have a specific function for drainage or ventilation.
More on this topic →Heat pump
Installation that moves heat using supplied energy. Weight, layout, noise and connections must be included in the construction plan.
More on this topic →Heat recovery ventilation (WTW)
Heat recovery: recovering heat from a flow to be removed, for example ventilation air. The application depends on the installation system.
More on this topic →HEB profile
A series of wide flange profiles made of steel with cross-sectional proportions other than HEA.
More on this topic →HEM profile
A type of wide flange profile made of steel. The profile series says something about the geometry, but does not independently determine the suitability.
More on this topic →Hinge
Idealization of a connection that allows rotation in the calculation without transferring the relevant moment.
More on this topic →Hollow section
Hollow profile with a rectangular or square cross-section. Wall thickness, dimensions and connections partly determine the structural behavior.
More on this topic →Hollow-core slab floor
Prefab concrete floor constructed from elements with elongated hollow channels.
More on this topic →IFC
File format for exchanging construction data between software environments. Agreed model content and version remain important.
More on this topic →Impact sound
Sound that is created by direct contact with a structure, for example footsteps. The transfer is determined by the complete structure.
More on this topic →Imposed load
Load associated with the use of a space, such as people, furniture or storage. Changes in use may require different principles.
More on this topic →Inner leaf of a cavity wall
Inner wall part of a multi-leaf facade. It can be load-bearing, but the actual function must be evident from the building.
More on this topic →Inverted roof
Roof construction where the insulation is above the waterproof layer. Products and ballast are tailored to this system.
More on this topic →Inverter
Device that converts electric current into another form, for example solar panels. Placement and connections are worked out by the installer.
More on this topic →IPE profile
A series of steel I-profiles that are used, among other things, as beams.
More on this topic →Joist hanger
Connecting part that supports a wooden beam. Product, fasteners and substrate must suit the application.
More on this topic →Lambda value
Thermal conductivity of a material. The value is used to determine the thermal resistance together with the thickness.
More on this topic →Lateral-torsional buckling
Instability form in which a bending part deflects and rotates sideways.
More on this topic →Legend
Explanation of symbols, colors and indications on a drawing. Consult the legend of the relevant document.
More on this topic →Level
An agreed height reference for dimensions on drawings and during construction.
More on this topic →Limit state
Situation for which a structure is assessed, for example failure or unacceptable deformation. Different assessments can be decisive.
More on this topic →Line load
Load distributed along a line, for example the weight of a wall on a floor or beam.
More on this topic →Lintel
A supporting part above an opening, for example above a window or door.
More on this topic →Load
A force or influence on a structure, for example its own weight, use, wind or snow.
More on this topic →Load combination
Composition of loads examined for a particular assessment. Not all loads are added indiscriminately.
More on this topic →Load transfer
The route along which forces are transferred to the foundation via floors, beams, walls and columns.
More on this topic →Load-bearing wall
A wall that, in addition to its own weight, also carries other structural parts or loads.
More on this topic →LVL
Laminated Veneer Lumber: a structural wood product made up of glued veneer layers.
More on this topic →Manifold
Component that distributes a fluid or air flow over multiple circuits. Accessibility and required space are part of the design.
More on this topic →Masonry bond
Pattern in which stones are placed and overlapped. The bond affects both the appearance and cohesion of the masonry.
More on this topic →Masonry mortar
Material with which masonry blocks are connected. Mortar and bricks together must be suitable for the desired performance.
More on this topic →Masonry support
Part that supports a facade part, for example above a large opening. The connections to the supporting structure must have been worked out.
More on this topic →Mechanical anchor
Fastening that transfers forces to the substrate through mechanical action. Performance depends on system, surface and placement.
More on this topic →Mechanical ventilation
Ventilation in which a fan supports the air movement. Air supply, exhaust and flow must connect with each other.
More on this topic →Mineral wool
Collective name for insulation materials such as glass wool and rock wool. Performance depends on the product and the complete application.
More on this topic →Modulus of elasticity
Material measure for the relationship between stress and elastic strain. This quantity plays a role in deformation calculations.
More on this topic →Moment
The rotating action of a force around a point or in a structural part.
More on this topic →Moment-resisting connection
Connection that completely or partially restrains rotation and therefore transfers moments. The actual stiffness must match the model.
More on this topic →Movement joint
A designed break that allows movement between building components.
More on this topic →Municipal environment plan
Municipal plan with rules for the physical environment. The rules may differ per location.
More on this topic →National Annex
Document with national choices for a European standard. The structural engineer determines the applicable combination of standards and annexes.
More on this topic →Negative skin friction
Downward friction along a pile as the surrounding soil subsides relative to the pile. This can place extra load on the pole.
More on this topic →Omgevingsloket (Dutch permit portal)
The national digital entrance for checking rules and requesting activities, among other things.
More on this topic →Omitted work
Work from the original assignment that is canceled or reduced. The settlement depends on the agreements made.
More on this topic →Opening or penetration
A provided opening or recess in a construction or building part.
More on this topic →OSB
Board material made from targeted wood chips. The product class and mounting determine for which architectural or structural application the plate is suitable.
More on this topic →Outer leaf of a cavity wall
Outer wall part of a multi-leaf facade. Support, anchorage, moisture and movement require attention.
More on this topic →Owners’ association (VvE)
Owners' Association for a split building. In the event of a renovation, the division regulations and decisions of the association may be relevant.
More on this topic →Pad footing
Local foundation component under a column or other concentrated support point. The foundation transfers forces to the ground or foundation piles.
More on this topic →Permanent load
Load that is present for a long time, such as the own weight of fixed building components. It forms part of the load combinations.
More on this topic →Pile bent
Group of piles with a connecting construction part. The assembly supports part of the parent structure.
More on this topic →Pile foundation
A foundation system in which piles transfer loads to deeper ground.
More on this topic →Pile foundation
Foundation where piles transfer the forces to the soil. The transfer can take place via the pile tip, the shaft or both.
More on this topic →Pile layout
Drawing showing the positions and indications of foundation piles.
More on this topic →Pile toe
The lower end of a foundation pile.
More on this topic →PIR
Type of plastic insulation foam. Product choice, covering, mounting and fire behavior must suit the application.
More on this topic →Plywood
Panel material constructed from glued veneer layers. Properties depend, among other things, on the type of wood, structure, adhesive connection and product class.
More on this topic →Point load
Load that affects a small area or one point in a calculation model. A column response is a common example.
More on this topic →Precast concrete
Concrete parts that are produced in advance and installed later. Connections and mounting conditions must correspond to the construction plan.
More on this topic →Prefab
A part that is manufactured in advance at a different location and placed on the construction site.
More on this topic →Preliminary design
Design phase in which main choices are further elaborated. The level of detail and decisions are agreed in the assignment.
More on this topic →Prestressing
Deliberately applied stress in a structure to influence its behavior under load.
More on this topic →Primary structure
The assembly of the main load-bearing and stabilizing components of a building.
More on this topic →Project brief
Overview of desired functions, performance and preconditions of a construction plan. It provides a basis for design decisions.
More on this topic →Protective conduit
Protective or guiding pipe around a pipe or cable. The function and connection depend on the application.
More on this topic →Provisional sum
Amount provisionally included in a budget or agreement for a section that has not yet been fully completed. The settlement agreements must be clear.
More on this topic →Punching shear
Local failure mode during a concentrated load on, for example, a plate. The assessment may require additional detail.
More on this topic →PUR
Polyurethane, used in various foam and insulation products. Properties and processing differ per product and system.
More on this topic →Purlin
Beam that supports roof components and generally runs parallel to the ridge.
More on this topic →Purlin roof
Roof construction with purlins that support the roof surface. The purlins transfer their forces to walls, trusses or other support points.
More on this topic →PV panel
Solar panel that converts sunlight into electricity. Mounting system, ballast and installation also count for a roof assessment.
More on this topic →PVC roofing
Plastic roofing based on PVC. System choice and compatibility with other layers must be coordinated.
More on this topic →Rafter
A usually slanted wooden part that supports a roof surface.
More on this topic →Rafter roof
Roof construction in which roof rails form an important load-bearing part. Openings influence the cohesion of that supporting structure.
More on this topic →Rainwater drainage
System for draining rain and melt water. Capacity, position and maintenance must match the roof.
More on this topic →Rainwater ponding
Accumulation of water on a roof, where additional load and deformation can influence each other.
More on this topic →Rc value
Thermal resistance of a structure, such as a complete roof or facade. It is about the composite structure, not about one insulation product.
More on this topic →Rd value
Thermal resistance of an individual material layer. This value depends on material properties and layer thickness.
More on this topic →Reaction force
Force that a support exerts on a construction part. The opposing force must be able to be absorbed by that support.
More on this topic →Reference level
Height compared to an agreed reference level. The level must be used unambiguously in drawings and construction.
More on this topic →Reinforced concrete
Concrete that contains reinforcement to absorb forces together. Concrete quality, reinforcement and detailing form one design.
More on this topic →Reinforcement
Usually steel bars or nets that are incorporated into concrete to absorb forces together with the concrete.
More on this topic →Reinforcement lap splice
Area in which reinforcing bars lie next to each other over a length to transfer forces. The required elaboration is project specific.
More on this topic →Reinforcement mesh
Pre-connected bars in a net shape. Diameter, distance, location and overlap must correspond to the drawing.
More on this topic →Reveal
Side surface of an opening in a wall or facade. The finish is tailored to the frame, insulation and any fire-resistant requirements.
More on this topic →Revision
A recognizable change version of a document or drawing.
More on this topic →Revision drawing
Drawing adapted to the final situation.
More on this topic →Revision number
Indication of a particular version of a document. A higher number does not automatically mean that version has already been released for performance.
More on this topic →Ribbed floor
Floor with load-bearing ribs and intermediate parts. The specific system determines where savings and loads are possible.
More on this topic →Roof edge trim
Edge profile on a roof, often as a finishing touch to the roof covering. It must connect to the watertight structure and mounting.
More on this topic →Roof penetration
Passage through the roof for ventilation or an installation, for example. Waterproofing, mounting and underlying construction must connect.
More on this topic →Roof ridge
The highest continuous line where two sloping roof surfaces meet.
More on this topic →Roof sheathing
Plate or plank layer on a roof structure. The layer can have multiple functions, depending on its structure and mounting.
More on this topic →Roof upstand
Rising part at the edge of a roof or around an opening. Height and connection are worked out in the architectural detail.
More on this topic →Rooflight
Translucent element in a roof. The opening, elevation and reception of interrupted roof parts require coordination.
More on this topic →Sand-cement screed
Cement-based screed with sand as an important component. Thickness, structure and use determine the weight and design.
More on this topic →Scale
Ratio between a size on a drawing and the actual size. Before execution, use the indicated dimensions and check the document status.
More on this topic →Screed
Layer on top of a supporting floor to provide height, flatness or finish, for example. The weight counts towards the floor load.
More on this topic →Screw pile
Collective name for pile systems that are installed with a rotating movement. The operation and implementation differ per system.
More on this topic →Sedum roof
Green roof with sedum planting as part of a multi-layer structure. Saturated weight and maintenance are part of the assessment.
More on this topic →Self-weight
The load due to the weight of the structure and fixed building components.
More on this topic →Service penetration
Passage of, for example, pipes or cables through a building part. In the event of a divorce, the required performance must be maintained.
More on this topic →Service penetration
Opening for a pipe or channel in a building part. Location and dimensions must match the construction and fire-resistant separation.
More on this topic →Settlement
Displacement of the subsoil and foundation, which can cause a building or building part to sink.
More on this topic →Sewerage
Wastewater disposal system. Location, slope, ventilation and structural penetrations are coordinated in the construction plan.
More on this topic →Shaft
Vertical space in which, for example, pipes or channels are bundled. Fire-resistant separations and constructive openings require coordination.
More on this topic →Shallow foundation
A foundation that rests directly on the ground. The term does not mean that it is made of steel.
More on this topic →Shear force
Internal force transverse to the longitudinal axis of a structural part.
More on this topic →Shear wall
Wall that contributes to absorbing horizontal forces and limiting deformations of the building.
More on this topic →Sheet pile wall
Wall of connected elements that, for example, retains soil or water. Anchoring, deformation and environmental influence are part of the design.
More on this topic →Sill
Lower or upper horizontal part of a frame or opening. The material and detail depend on the function.
More on this topic →Site plan
Drawing of the position of a structure on the plot and in relation to the surroundings.
More on this topic →Sketch design
Early design development that explores layout, volume and possible solutions.
More on this topic →Slab foundation
Foundation system in which a slab distributes the building loads over a larger surface area. Subsoil, load distribution and deformation are assessed together.
More on this topic →Slope
A deliberately placed slope to direct water to a drain.
More on this topic →Smoke resistance
Resistance to the passage of smoke under specified conditions. Seams, doors and penetrations affect performance.
More on this topic →Snow load
Load due to snow on a roof. Shape, location and possible accumulation are relevant for the assessment.
More on this topic →Soil improvement
Modification of the subsurface to improve properties such as compaction or load-bearing behavior. The appropriate method is determined for the location.
More on this topic →Soil profile
The sequence of soil layers beneath a location. This information helps assess load-bearing capacity, deformation and a suitable foundation.
More on this topic →Spacer
Component that keeps the reinforcement at the desired distance from the formwork during implementation. This helps to achieve the intended coverage.
More on this topic →Span
The distance that a structural member bridges between supports. The arithmetic span is determined in the design.
More on this topic →Span direction
Direction in which a floor, roof or other component transfers the load to the supports.
More on this topic →Specification
Document describing work, materials and conditions. It must correspond with the drawings and other contract documents.
More on this topic →Specification drawing
Drawing that, together with other documents, can describe the agreed work. Check purpose, status and revision.
More on this topic →Stability
The ability of the structure to maintain its balance and shape under the relevant loads.
More on this topic →Steel angle
Steel profile with two legs in an angle shape. The position of the profile and the connection are part of the calculation.
More on this topic →Steel quality
Specification of the material properties of structural steel.
More on this topic →Stiffening plate
Plate that provides local extra stiffness or resistance to a steel part, for example at a support or connection.
More on this topic →Stiffness
Degree to which a part or structure resists deformation.
More on this topic →Stirrup reinforcement
Curved reinforcement that, for example, encloses longitudinal bars and can help absorb shear forces. Shape and placement are part of the detailing.
More on this topic →Strength class
Classification of material based on recorded properties. For construction timber, the correct class is part of the order specification.
More on this topic →Strip foundation
Continuous foundation under, for example, a load-bearing wall. The strip distributes loads over the subsurface.
More on this topic →Strip rooflight
Assembly of glass or other translucent elements in a roof. Supporting structure and watertight connection are part of the design.
More on this topic →Structural calculation
Substantiation of the structural design, based on loads, materials, dimensions and connections.
More on this topic →Structural diaphragm
Flat structural part that can transfer forces in its own plane. The connections with adjacent parts are essential.
More on this topic →Structural drawing
Drawing showing the supporting structure and the relevant dimensions and connections.
More on this topic →Structural frame
A construction of, for example, columns and a beam that works as a coherent system.
More on this topic →Structural grid
System of reference lines that determine the position of parts. It helps disciplines use the same geometry.
More on this topic →Structural joint
Connection where structural parts come together in a supporting structure.
More on this topic →Structural topping
Concrete layer that in certain floor systems works together constructively with the underlying components. The intended collaboration must be designed.
More on this topic →Stud
Standing part in, for example, a wooden wall or frame. Dimensions, distance and connections follow from the function.
More on this topic →Studwork or battens
System of rules that, for example, supports cladding. Only framework designed for this purpose may be considered a load-bearing structure.
More on this topic →Supervision
Checking agreed aspects of implementation. The content and frequency must be explicitly recorded.
More on this topic →Swell and shrink
Increase or decrease in material dimensions due to, for example, moisture or temperature changes.
More on this topic →Technical design
Elaboration in which technical choices and details are further recorded. The precise content varies per project and assignment.
More on this topic →Temporary propping
Temporary support that absorbs loads during a construction phase.
More on this topic →Temporary propping plan
A detailed plan for temporary support during a construction phase. The situation and order of implementation are decisive.
More on this topic →Tender
Process in which a client submits and assesses offers for work. The form and conditions differ per project.
More on this topic →Tensile strength
Resistance of a material to collapse when pulled apart. The meaning varies per material and test method.
More on this topic →Tension and compression
Loads that pull apart or compress a part, respectively.
More on this topic →Thermal bridge
A place in the building envelope where heat is transmitted more easily than in the surrounding parts.
More on this topic →Tilt
Rotating a part or system around a support edge or pivot point.
More on this topic →Timber frame construction
A building system with a framework of wooden posts and beams, supplemented with plating and other layers.
More on this topic →Tongue and groove
Connection shape where a protruding edge fits into a matching recess. The connection occurs with planks and sheet products.
More on this topic →Torsion
Rotating load about the longitudinal axis of a part.
More on this topic →TPO roofing
Plastic roofing made of thermoplastic polyolefins. Fastening and detailing follow from the chosen roof system.
More on this topic →Trimmer framing
Structural solution around an opening in a beam layer. The interrupted beams are captured by other components.
More on this topic →Trimmer framing around an opening
Construction that accommodates interrupted floor or roof components around an opening.
More on this topic →Truss
Assembly that supports a roof, for example. A truss can be made of wood, steel or a combination of materials.
More on this topic →Truss
Construction of connected bars in a geometric pattern. The chosen nodes and loads determine how the forces are distributed.
More on this topic →Tubular profile
Hollow profile with a round cross-section. It can be used for columns, braces or other structural parts.
More on this topic →U-value
Measure for heat transmission through a building part. A lower value means less heat transfer under the same conditions.
More on this topic →Underfloor heating
Heating system in or under a floor structure. The required layers, weight and arrangement are tailored to the floor.
More on this topic →UNP profile
Steel U-profile with inward sloping flange surfaces. Profile name, dimensions and steel type must be recognizable in the specification.
More on this topic →Unreinforced concrete
Concrete without regular structural reinforcement. The application options differ from those of reinforced concrete.
More on this topic →UPE profile
Steel U-profile with parallel flange surfaces. It cannot be interchanged with another profile type without assessment.
More on this topic →Valley gutter
Gutter in the recessed connection between two roof surfaces. Water drainage and connection details deserve extra attention.
More on this topic →Vapour control layer
Layer that limits the movement of water vapor through a structure. The position and connections must match the entire structure.
More on this topic →Vapour-permeable layer
Layer that allows water vapor to pass through relatively easily. This does not automatically mean that an entire structure functions well from a moisture perspective.
More on this topic →Variable load
Load that can change over time, for example due to use, wind or snow.
More on this topic →Ventilation duct
Channel for air transport in a ventilation system. Required space, penetrations and maintenance access must be coordinated.
More on this topic →Venting
Device for moving or escaping air or gas in a system. The meaning and effect differ per installation.
More on this topic →Vibration
Repetitive movement around an equilibrium position. With a floor, comfort and sensitivity to movement, in addition to strength, can be important.
More on this topic →Wall plate
Wooden or other structural part on a wall to which, for example, roof parts connect. Support and anchoring deserve attention.
More on this topic →Wall tie
Connection between leaves of a cavity wall. Type, distribution, substrate and protection are tailored to the application.
More on this topic →Warm roof
Roof structure in which the insulation is in principle above the load-bearing roof substrate. Details and moisture behavior must be assessed as a whole.
More on this topic →Warranty
Agreement about certain performance or repair under specified conditions. Scope, duration and exceptions must be apparent from the conditions.
More on this topic →Web of a beam
The relatively narrow connecting part between the flanges of an I-profile.
More on this topic →Weld seam
Area in which a welded joint has been made. Shape, length and quality are relevant to the performance of the connection.
More on this topic →Welded connection
Connection in which metal parts are joined by welding. Design, implementation and control must be aligned.
More on this topic →Wind bracing
Part or assembly that contributes to the transfer of horizontal loads and stability.
More on this topic →Wind load
Forces due to wind pressure and wind suction on a structure. Fastenings and the dissipation of forces to the foundation also count.
More on this topic →Window or door reveal
Side or recessed space at a facade opening. The shape has consequences for detailing, dimensions and finishing.
More on this topic →Wood damage
Changes or damage to wood due to, for example, fungi, insects or moisture. The visible surface alone does not always provide the full picture.
More on this topic →Wood fiber insulation
Insulating material based on wood fibres. Density, thickness and moisture conditions are relevant for the structure.
More on this topic →Wood moisture content
Amount of moisture in wood compared to the dry wood mass. Changes can affect dimensions and behavior.
More on this topic →Wood rot
Deterioration of wood by fungi under suitable moisture conditions. The cause and residual quality must be investigated.
More on this topic →Work description
Description of the work to be carried out. The more concrete the definition, the better it is to compare quotations and implementation.
More on this topic →Work plan
Plan in which an executor records activities, resources and coordination. Additional elaborations may be required for structurally sensitive work.
More on this topic →Working drawing
Drawing with data for making or assembling parts. This must be consistent with the established design.
More on this topic →XPS
Extruded polystyrene, a plastic insulation material. The product specifications must match load and exposure.
More on this topic →Yield strength
Stress level at which a metal begins to deform permanently under certain conditions. It is a material element for the design.
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